Oral semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It helps to improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin secretion and inhibiting glucagon release in a glucose-dependent manner¹.

• Allergy: Do not use semaglutide if you are allergic to it or any of its ingredients².

• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have a history of:
  • Pancreatitis
  • Severe gastrointestinal disease
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Kidney disease²

• Thyroid C-cell Tumors: Semaglutide has been associated with an increased risk of thyroid C-cell tumors in animal studies. It is not known if this risk applies to humans. Patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) should not use semaglutide¹.
• Pancreatitis: There have been reports of acute pancreatitis in patients using GLP-1 receptor agonists. Monitor for signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, such as severe abdominal pain³.
• Hypoglycemia: When used in combination with insulin or insulin secretagogues, there is an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Adjustments in the dose of insulin or insulin secretagogues may be necessary³.
• Kidney Function: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment. Monitor renal function periodically².

• Gastrointestinal Issues: The most common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. These are usually mild to moderate and tend to decrease over time³⁴.
• Injection Site Reactions: Although rare, some patients may experience reactions at the injection site, such as redness or swelling³.

• Pancreatitis: Symptoms include severe abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, with or without vomiting³.
• Kidney Problems: Symptoms include changes in urination, swelling in the legs or ankles, and fatigue².
• Allergic Reactions: Symptoms include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, and trouble breathing².

• Insulin and Insulin Secretagogues: Increased risk of hypoglycemia when used together³.
• Other Medications: Inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to avoid potential interactions².

• Pregnancy: There is limited data on the use of semaglutide in pregnant women. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus².
• Breastfeeding: It is not known whether semaglutide is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman².
• Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established².

• Blood Glucose Levels: Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential to ensure effective glycemic control³.
• Renal Function: Periodic monitoring of renal function is recommended².
• Thyroid Monitoring: Monitor for signs of thyroid tumors, especially in patients with a history of thyroid disease³.

In case of overdose, seek immediate medical attention. Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, and hypoglycemia².

Store semaglutide at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children².

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized medical advice and before starting any new medication.

For more detailed information, you can refer to the following sources:

• FDA – Drug Safety and Availability¹
• American Diabetes Association – Diabetes Spectrum³
• Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center – Patient Education²
• BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care⁴
• Frontiers in Endocrinology⁵

If you have any more questions or need further information, feel free to ask!